Abstract: RNA splicing is an important post-transcriptional modification process, which can cut out the introns in the genome pre-mRNA and connect the exons into a continuous transcript. The process involves the precise control of hundreds of proteins and several snRNAs to meet the needs of cell physiology.In this way, splicing activity affects cell development, differentiation and adaptation to environmental changes by means of gene expression regulation. The expression of some splicing factors is also regulated by the cell cycle stage, and even correctly splices different mRNAs at different cell cycle stages. When cells face various stress conditions, spliceosomes can adjust their activities to adapt to environmental changes. Abnormal splicing activity is also associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurological diseases, and genetic diseases. In this paper, the effects of alternative splicing and spliceosomes on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion and migration were reviewed with the aim of exploring the regulatory mechanism of spliceosomes and revealing the mystery of cell survival.