Abstract: In order to investigate the feasibility of using a combination of Zoletil and Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride combined anesthesia for experimental rabbits in minor surgery and experiments, the experiment was conducted by injecting Zoletil（0.3 mL/kg） and Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride（0.02 mL/kg） into the auricular vein of rabbits, and the induction time, anesthesia time and recovery time of anesthesia were recorded. The analgesic, sedative and muscle relaxation effects, body temperature（T）, respiratory rate（RR）, heart rate（HR）, blood oxygen saturation（SpO₂） and other physiological indexes were measured before anesthesia（0 minutes） and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes after anesthesia. The results showed that the induction time of anesthesia was（2.6±0.4） min, the anesthesia time was（31.2±5.2） min and the awakening time was（8.5±2.6） min. At 5 minutes after anesthesia, most of the experimental rabbits entered a good sedation state, and lasted until 25 minutes after anesthesia. At 5 minutes after anesthesia, most of the experimental rabbits entered a good analgesic state, which lasted until 20 minutes after anesthesia. 15 minutes after anesthesia, muscle relaxation in most experimental rabbits was good and lasted until 30 minutes after anesthesia. Compared with things before anesthesia, T, RR, HR and SpO₂ all decreased first and then increased. The body temperature decreased significantly at 10 minutes after anesthesia（P＜0.05）. It was significantly increased at 25 minutes and 30 minutes（P＜0.05）, and basically returned to normal level; HR was significantly increased at 25 and 30 minutes（P＜0.05）; there were no significant differences in blood routine indexes before and after anesthesia（P＞0.05）; compared with things before anesthesia（0 h）, the activities of alanine aminotransferase（ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase（AST） were significantly increased at 1,2,24 h after anesthesia（P＜0.05）. Alkaline phosphatase（ALP） activity significantly decreased（P＜0.05）, and UREA nitrogen（UREA） content significantly increased（P＜0.05） at 1,24 hours after anesthesia; creatinine（CREA） content increased significantly at 1 hour after anesthesia（P＜0.05）, and recovered to pre-anesthesia level at 2 hours after anesthesia. The results indicated that the combined anesthesia regimen of Zoletil and Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride had little effect on the respiratory system and liver function of rabbits, and had certain effect on the kidney function, which could meet the needs of anesthesia for minor surgical operations and short-term experiments in rabbits.