Quality analysis and evaluation of ten varieties of oat forages in the cold and black soil regions of Heilongjiang

In order to select the high-quality oat varieties suitable for planting in the cold and black soil regions of Heilongjiang, ten kinds of high-quality oats were used as introduction materials in this experiment. Using random block design, hay yield was measured at the wax ripening stage of oats. The nutritional indexes such as crude protein（CP）, crude fat（EE）, crude ash（Ash）, dry matter（DM）, acid detergent fiber（ADF）, neutral detergent fiber（NDF）, NDF digestibility in the 30 h（30 h dNDF） and dry matter digestibility in the 48 h in vitro（48 h IVDMD） were determined by near infrared spectroscopy. The relative feeding value（RFV）, relative forage quality（RFQ）, total digestible nutrients（TDN） and net energy for milk production（NEL） were calculated, and the yield and nutritional indexes were comprehensively evaluated by grey correlation analysis method. The results showed that the hay yield of Avena sativa L. Lena was 9 593.23 kg/hm~2, which was significantly higher than that of other varieties（P＜0.05）. The CP content of Avena sativa L. Monida was the highest, and the DM, ADF and NDF contents of Avena sativa L. Qingyin No.1 were the highest. Avena sativa L. Dingyan No.2 had the highest RFV, RFQ, TDN and NEL. The RFV, RFQ, TDN and NEL were significantly negatively correlated with ADF and NDF（P ＜ 0.01）, and significantly positively correlated with 48 h IVDMD（P＜0.01）, but not significantly correlated with hay yield, CP and DM（P＞0.05）. The weighted correlation degree of Dingyan No.2 oat was the highest. It indicated that Dingyan No.2 had the highest comprehensive value and the best nutritional quality, which could be used as a high-quality oat variety to promote planting in this area.