Abstract: To quantitatively evaluate the thermal stability and combustion characteristics of asphalt, the tests of constant temperature heating, oxygen index and cone calorimetry were used to obtain mass loss, oxygen index, heat release rate（HRR）, total heat release rate（THR） and mass loss rate（MLR） of two asphalts of base asphalt and rubber asphalt. The results show that at the identical temperature, the mass loss, oxygen index, peaks of HRR, THR and MLR of rubber asphalt and the value of mass loss rate increased with the increasing of temperature are higher than those of base asphalt, while the thermal stability and combustion characteristics of rubber asphalt are inferior to base asphalt. Comparing three tests, the cone calorimetry test results are more reliable because of its more parameters, which is recommended to evaluate thermal stability and combustion characteristics of asphalt.