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风力发电机最大功率模型自校正复合自抗扰控制

Self-correcting composite active disturbance rejection control of maximum power model for wind turbines

  • 摘要: 为了进一步提高永磁同步风力发电机在变工况下实现最大功率跟踪的效率,设计了一种基于最佳叶尖速比法的模型自校正复合自抗扰控制器(model self-correcting composite active distur-bance rejection control, MSCADRC)对发电机转速进行实时跟踪.速度环ADRC控制采用可在线性与非线性间自由切换的扩张状态观测器(extended state observer, ESO)对系统因参数摄动或其他不确定因素引起的总扰动进行实时观测和估计,采用实时预测转矩和转动惯量观测器补偿控制器中参数扰动对ADRC的影响.在电流环ADRC控制中,通过加入q轴电流的补偿因子消除d轴电流的干扰,并采用基于转矩观测器的反馈补偿控制方法实现对q轴电流的实时补偿,加快系统响应速度.最后结合风速、风力机和永磁同步发电机的数学模型设计风力发电模型自校正最大功率跟踪系统,利用Matlab/Simulink进行仿真分析.仿真结果表明:模型自校正复合自抗扰控制器具有一定的优越性,模型自校正下的风力发电系统在风速急剧变化时可进行更好的功率跟踪控制,进一步提升系统的响应速度和抗外界干扰能力.

     

    Abstract: To improve the maximum power tracking efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator under variable working conditions, a model self-correcting composite active disturbance rejection control(MSCADRC) based on the optimal blade tip speed ratio method was designed to track the motor speed in real time. An extended state observer(ESO), which could switch freely between linear and nonlinear, was used for real-time observation and estimation of the total disturbance caused by parameter perturbation or other uncertainties. A real-time predictive inertia observer of torque and moment was used to compensate the influence of parameter disturbance in the controller on ADRC. In the current loop ADRC control, q-axis current compensation factor was added to eliminate the interference of d-axis current, and the feedback compensation control method based on electromagnetic torque observer was adopted to realize the real-time compensation of q-axis current for accelerating the system response speed. The mathematical model of wind speed, wind machine and permanent magnet synchronous generator was used to design the wind power model self-correcting maximum power tracking system, and the Matlab/Simulink was used for simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the model MSCADRC has superiority. The wind power system under self-correcting model can perform better on power tracking control when wind speed changes sharply, and the system response speed and anti-external interference ability can be further improved.

     

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