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基于虚拟功率的VSG并网控制策略

Grid-connected control strategy of virtual synchronous generator based on virtual power

  • 摘要: 为了提高分布式电源接入电网的效率,解决逆变器并网中阻尼和惯性不足的问题,研究了一种可实现传统同步发电机功能的逆变器控制方法,即虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator, VSG)技术.以锁相环在VSG的作用为基础,提出一种基于虚拟功率的预同步控制方法.在功率环中模拟二次调频和二次调压功能,输出值经过惯性环节弥补有功和无功损耗,依据不同的功率等级灵活调节控制参数.针对VSG机端的电压和电流,利用PR控制方式增加对电气值的约束.分析了VSG的拓扑结构和数学模型,给出了改进VSG的控制方法.搭建了对应的仿真模型,从VSG的预同步并网和突变负载时并网的稳定性两方面验证VSG的控制效果.结果表明:改进后的VSG控制可降低逆变器并网的复杂性和输出功率的震荡频率,平抑网侧的电流冲击,使逆变器时刻跟随电网的动态变化过程.

     

    Abstract: To improve the connection efficiency to grid of distributed power sources, and solve the problems of insufficient damping and inertia in inverter grid connection, an inverter control method was investigated to realize traditional synchronous generator′s function, which was named as virtual synchronous generator(VSG) technology. Based on the role of phase locked loop(PLL) in virtual synchronous generator, the pre-synchronization control method was proposed based on virtual power. The secondary frequency modulation and the secondary voltage regulation functions were simulated in the power loop. The output value compensated the loss of active power and reactive power through inertia link, and the control parameters were flexibly adjusted according to power levels. Regarding the voltage and current on the VSG generator side, the PR control method was used to increase the constraint on the electrical value for preventing grid connection failure. The topology structure and the mathematical model of VSG were analyzed, and the improved control method of VSG was given. A corresponding simulation model was established to verify VSG control effect from two aspects of pre-synchronous grid-connection and grid connection stability under mutation load. The results show that the improved VSG control can reduce the complexity of grid-connected inverter and the oscillation frequency of output power and suppress the current impact on the grid side, which makes the inverter follow the dynamic change process of power grid at all time.

     

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