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喷雾干燥条件对经TGase处理后蛋清粉凝胶性的影响

Effect of Spray Drying Conditions on Gelation of Egg White Powder after TGase Treatment

  • 摘要: 鸡蛋清中含有丰富的蛋白质,其消化率高达98%,而且鸡蛋清中的氨基酸组成与人体氨基酸组成模式接近,因此,鸡蛋清具有较高的营养价值和工业价值,常被加工成蛋清粉用作特殊人群的营养补充剂以及食品添加剂。但现有加工方法对蛋清粉中的蛋白质具有较大的破坏,使蛋清中所含蛋白质发生部分变性而导致其功能性质下降。因此,本实验在蛋清液中添加谷氨酰转氨酶(TGase)进行交联反应,再经过喷雾干燥得到蛋清粉,测定所得蛋清粉凝胶强度,通过单因素实验和响应面实验筛选凝胶性能较高的喷雾干燥条件。方差分析结果表明:回归模型较好地反应了蛋清粉凝胶性与喷雾干燥进风温度、进料速率和蛋清液稀释度之间的关系;其最佳工艺条件为:喷雾干燥进风温度、进料速率和稀释度分别为172.33℃,26.58%(7.442 m L/min),28.44%,此干燥条件下得到的蛋清粉的凝胶硬度为(847.852±7.256) g。回归模型的预测值与实测值的相对误差<1%,该回归方程与实际情况拟合较好。

     

    Abstract: Egg white is rich in protein, and protein digestibility in egg white is as high as 98%. The amino acid composition in egg white is close to that of human body. Therefore, egg white has high nutritional value and industrial value. Egg white is often processed into egg white powder for using as a nutritional supplement for special people and as food additives. However, the current processing method has great damage to the protein in the egg white powder, which causes a partial degeneration of the protein contained in the egg white, resulting in a decrease in the functional properties of the egg white powder. Therefore, this experiment added glutamine transaminase(TGase) to egg white to cross-link the protein in egg white. The egg white powder was obtained by spray drying,and the gel strength of the egg white powder was measured. The spray drying conditions with higher gel properties were screened by single factor experiments and response surface experiments. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the regression model better reflected the relationship between gelatinity of egg white powder and spray-dried inlet air temperature, feed rate and dilution of egg white liquor; The optimum process conditions were:spray drying inlet air temperature, feed rate and dilution were 172.33 ℃, 26.58%(7.442 mL/min), 28.44%, the gel hardness of egg white powder obtained under this drying condition was 847.852±7.256 g. The relative error between the predicted and measured values of the regression model was<1%, and the regression equation fitted well with the actual situation.

     

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