Abstract: MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are functional non-coding RNAs that play an important role in many biological processes. However, the expression patterns and regulatory networks, as well as the miRNAs involved in liver fibrosis remain to be elucidated. In order to investigate the function of miRNAs related to liver fibrosis and their target genes, and to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of liver fibrosis, bile duct ligation（BDL） was used to establish the rat cholestatic liver fibrosis model in the early stage of this study. Total RNA was extracted from rat liver. The expression profiles of miRNA and m RNA in cholestatic liver fibrosis were analyzed by gene chip technique. The possible target genes of miRNA differentially expressed in cholestatic liver fibrosis were analyzed by combining biological information method. The relative expression levels of miR-29 a-3 p, miR-194-5 p and miR-22-3 p in LX-2 cells treated by TGF-β1 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that, compared with normal liver tissues, there were 48 differentially expressed miRNAs（FC＞2, P＜0.05） in fibrosis liver tissues, among which 36 were up-regulated and 12 were down-regulated. Eighteen target genes were selected to participate in biological processes related to fibrosis. The relative expression levels of miR-29 a-3 p, miR-194-5 p and miR-22-3 p in Lx-2 cells treated by TGF-β1 were significantly down-regulated（P＜0.05）. The differentially expressed miRNAs screened in this study may play an important role in liver fibrosis by regulating the expression of target genes, which will provide new insights into the role of miRNA in liver fibrosis.