Abstract: Hypertension（high blood pressure） is a chronic disease with persistently high arterial blood pressure,which is the most common chronic medical problem in human society. More than 80% of patients with hypertension know their own blood pressure, and more than 70% of them take antihypertensive drugs. However, only 48%of those who are aware of their own hypertension have their hypertension under control. This paper systematically elaborated the types, diagnostic criteria, treatment or control strategies of hypertension, trying to improve the public’s awareness of hypertension, which is conducive to the control and management of patient.