美国山核桃一年幼生苗的配方施肥
Formulated Fertilization on Annual Carya illinoensis Seedlings
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摘要: 测土配方施肥可以培肥地力、保护生态、协调养分、防治病害,对有限肥源的合理分配具有极其重要的意义。本研究以美国山核桃(Carya illinoensis Koch)一年生幼苗为研究对象,采用水培试验,在营养满足条件下进行叶片营养分析,并测定试验处理前后霍格兰营养液氮磷钾浓度的变化,推算美国山核桃幼苗吸收氮磷钾元素比例,以此为营养诊断依据,通过氮磷钾肥不同组合的盆栽正交试验,研究薄壳山核桃幼苗需肥量。结果表明,营养液水培下的美国山核桃树种叶片的全N、全P、全K元素的含量值分别为15.184、6.061、8.119 g/kg,以此为诊断标准,得出美国山核桃一年生幼苗在土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾分别为150.958、38.407、290.095 mg/kg水平时,最适宜其生长发育;美国山核桃一年生幼苗对肥料有效养分的吸收比例是碱解氮∶速效磷∶速效钾分别为3.56~3.93∶1∶7.55~12.96。Abstract: Soil fertilization measurement can improve soil fertility, protect ecology, coordinate nutrients and prevent diseases, which is of great significance to the rational distribution of limited fertilizer sources. The annual Carya illinoensis seedlings were studied by the water culture experiment. The nutritional analysis of leaves was carried out under the condition of nutrient satisfaction, and the same time, the change of N, P and K concentration in hoagland nutrient solution before and after treatment was determined, so the proportion of N, P and K absorbed by shelled pecan seedlings was calculated. Based on the nutritional diagnosis, the annual C. illinoensis seedlings was studied by using the nutrient diagnosis and orthogonal test design of three factors and five levels. The results showed that, the best fertilization treatment on the annual C. illinoensis seedlings were soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 150.958 mg/kg, soil available phosphorus 38.407 mg/kg and soil available potassium 290.095 mg/kg. The nutrient absorption and utilization rates of N, P and K were 3.56~3.93∶1∶7.55~12.96.