Abstract: Hypertension is a chronic disease with persistently high arterial blood pressure. Long term hypertension is the main cause of many complications, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation,peripheral artery occlusion, blurred vision, chronic kidney disease and dementia. The risk of lowering blood pressure and fatal complications lies in lifestyle changes and drug control. Weight loss, physical exercise, moderate intake of salt, less drinking and balanced diet are helpful to control hypertension. This study provided systematic knowledge and suggestions for active prevention, correct diagnosis and reasonable treatment of hypertension.