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精原干细胞中长链非编码RNA的调控

Regulation of Long Non-coding RNAs in Spermatogonial Stem Cells

  • 摘要: 精原干细胞(spermatogonial stem cell, SSC)是具有自我更新、分化、转分化和去分化潜能的最重要的干细胞之一,在生殖和再生医学中具有重要的应用价值。它们可以在几代人之间传递遗传和表观遗传信息,这突显了正确建立和保持表观遗传标记的重要性。准确的转录调控和转录后调控对于精子形成每一步特定基因的高度协调表达是必须的。越来越多的证据表明,长链非编码RNA (long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)在调控雄性生殖细胞的基因表达和命运决定方面发挥着重要作用。这些lncRNA分子具有独特的生物学功能,它们独立或协同调控SSC的增殖、凋亡和分化。本研究总结了小鼠和人类SSC的特征、生物学功能和命运,还讨论了lncRNA在调节小鼠和人类精原干细胞中的作用和机制。这将为哺乳动物精子形成的表观遗传机制提供新的见解,并为治疗雄性不育提供新的方法。

     

    Abstract: Spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs) are one of the most significant stem cells with the potentials of self-renewal, differentiation, transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation, and thus, they have important applications in reproductive and regenerative medicine. They can transmit the genetic and epigenetic information across generations,which highlights the importance of the correct establishment and maintenance of epigenetic marks. Accurate transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation is required to support the highly coordinated expression of specific genes for each step of spermatogenesis. Increasing evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play essential roles in controlling gene expression and fate determination of male germ cells. These lncRNA molecules have distinct characteristics and biological functions, and they independently or cooperatively modulate the proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of SSCs. In this study, we summarized the features, biological function and fate of mouse and human SSCs. We also addressed the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating mouse and human SSCs, which would add novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenesis and provide new approaches to treat male infertility.

     

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