Abstract: Phosphorus（P） is one of the most important macronutrient elements in plant. P deficiency in the main producing areas of sugarcane has seriously influence on the growth and yield of sugarcane. In this study, the genotypic differences of P efficiency between ROC22 and Phil72-445 screened from our previous research were further evaluated and verified by hydroponic cultivation at seedling stage. Sugarcane P transporter Pht1 family genes were cloned by homology cloning, and their functional expression patterns in ROC22 and Phil72-445 were analyzed by RT-qPCR. The results were as follow: compared with Phil72-445, ROC22 showed significant advantages in the biomass, P accumulation and shoot P transfer ratio under low P stress, which indicated that ROC22 acted as a P efficient genotype in P uptake and transport; six gene sequences（SoPht1;2, SoPht1;3, SoPht1;5, SoPht1;6, SoPht1;11, SoPht1;12） of Pht1 family were obtained by homologous cloning, which were highly similar to the Pht1 family gene sequences of sorghum, rice, corn, etc. based on the bioinformatics analysis; the enhanced expression of SoPht1;2, SoPht1;5 and SoPht1;6 in both ROC22 and Phil72-445 were induced significantly by low P stress in the later stage（treated for 31 d）, and more enhanced expression in ROC22 than Phil72-445, while the expression of the three genes in the lower mature leaves（the fully expanded 4 th leaves） possibly mainly contribute to P efficiency in P-efficient cultivar ROC22. These results provide a basis for further and systematic research of the functional mechanism of SoPht1 genes for P efficiency in sugarcane.