Abstract: The small heat shock proteins（sHSPs） are an important protein family that regulates growth and development and responds to environmental factors in organisms. Taking Tolypocladium guangdongense as research object, the coding sequences of HSP30 were cloned from T. guangdongense and used for bioinformatic and phylogenetic analysis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） was performed to analyze the expression pattern of HSP30 under differential developmental stages and abiotic stress. The expression patterns of HSP30 in T. guangdongense were investigated at different development stages and abiotic stress conditions. The results showed that HSP30 encoded 211 amino acids with a sequence length of 636 bp and had no introns. The predicted molecular weight of HSP30 protein was approximately 23 864.42 Da. The phylogeny result showed that the HSP30 protein of T.guangdongense was clustered into one clade with HSP30 of T.capitatum, and had a higher similarity with that of T. paradoxum and Ophiocordyceps sinensis, the sequence consistency was 86.38% and 66.81%, respectively. RT-qPCR results showed that compared to the mycelial stage, the relative levels of HSP30 showed significant down-regulation during the process of primordial formation and fruiting body development. In addition, HSP30 also was significantly down-regulated under abiotic stress conditions. These results suggested that HSP30 may play an important role in the growth and development and the resistance to abiotic stresses.