Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) on the expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs), tight junction proteins(TJPs) and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR-4) genes in the small intestine of heat-stressed Bama xiang pigs. Twenty-five 8-month-old male Bama xiang pigs weighing(34.28±1.19) kg were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, including TN group(22 ℃, feeding freely), PF group(22 ℃, pair feed group), HS0 group(35 ℃, feeding freely), HS250 group(35 ℃, feeding freely +0.025% EGCG), and HS500 group(35 ℃, feeding freely +0.05% EGCG). The preliminary trial lasted for 7 days, and the formal trial lasted for 28 days. After the experiment, the pigs were slaughtered and small intestinal tissue samples were collected to detect the expression of HSPs, TJPs, and TLR-4 genes in each group of small intestines. The results showed that:(1) Heat stress significantly increased the expression levels of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) and heat shock protein 90(HSP90) genes in the small intestine, while EGCG supplementation significantly decreased their relative expression levels, and the effect of 0.05% EGCG was better than 0.025% EGCG.(2) Heat stress significantly decreased the relative expressions of zonula occluden-1(ZO-1), Claudin-3, Occludin and mucin 2(Muc-2) in the small intestine, while EGCG supplementation significantly increased their relative expressions, and the effect of 0.05% EGCG was better than 0.025% EGCG.(3) Heat stress significantly increased the relative expression of TLR-4 in the small intestine, while EGCG supplementation significantly decreased the relative expression of TLR-4, and the effect of 0.05% EGCG was better than 0.025% EGCG. These results indicated that heat stress significantly increased the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 in the intestine of Bama xiang pigs, and might affect the intestinal barrier function by disrupting their tight junction and increasing the expression of TLR-4. Moreover, adding EGCG to the heat-stressed pigs diet could reduce the expression of HSPs genes, alleviate heat stress-induced intestinal barrier damage, enhance the expression of intestinal TJPs genes, and decrease the expression of TLR-4. 0.05% EGCG supplementation shows better effects than 0.025% EGCG. This study provides an important scientific evidence for the future development of EGCG as a green and safe feed additive to improve the intestinal health of Bama xiang pig under heat stress conditions.