Abstract: The olfactor-related genes expressed on the antennae of tea millet moth（Agrophara rhombata Meyr.） are the important molecular basis for mating, finding food sources, finding spawning sites, and avoiding harmful compounds. In order to study the olfactory mechanism of antennae of tea millet moth, gene expression in the antennae of female and male moth were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing technology and real time quantitative PCR. A total of 37 666 genes were annotated. The number of expression genes shared by the female and male moths was 34 720, 1 739 specific expression genes of the female moths and 1 207 specific expression genes of the male moths. A total of 170 chemoreception-related genes were identified in the antennae of female and male moths, including 33 odorant binding protein genes（OBPs）, 42 gustatory receptor genes（GRs）, 12 chemosensory protein genes（CSPs）, 52 olfactory receptor genes（ORs）, 27 ionotropic receptor genes（IRs）, and 4 sensory neuron membrane protein genes（SNMPs）. Among OBPs, 16 clustered in pheromone-binding protein genes（PBPs） subfamily, 14 clustered in general odorant-binding protein genes（GOBPs） subfamily, 3 clustered in the antennal binding protein genes（ABPs） subfamily. This study provides clues for the molecular mechanism of the olfactory sense of the Agrophara rhombata Meyr., and lay a foundation for the research of the olfactory mechanism of the tea millet moth and the development of green control agents for the tea millet moth.