Abstract: The chemical components of the fallen leaves of Salix matsudana were studied. Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as salicylol(1), salicin(2), salicin-2'-benzoate(3), caffeic acid(4), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(5), chrysoerid(6), catechol(7), loliolide(8), chlorogenic acid(9), protocatechuic acid(10), 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol(11), succinic acid(12). butyric acid(13). The compounds 6,8,10-13 were isolated from Salix matsudana Koidz for the first time, and the mass fraction of salicin was over 0.07%.