Abstract: Moderate alkali hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis were applied to quantitatively determine the amount of ferulic and p-coumaric acid in the cell wall of Moso bamboo green and bamboo yellow. The results indicated that 3.07% of ferulic acid and 5.91% of p-coumaric acid were found in the bamboo green cell wall. And 1.61% ferulic acid and 4.64% p-coumaric acid were ester-linked to the bamboo green cell wall components, while 1.46% ferulic acid and 1.27% p-coumaric acid were ether-linked to the cell wall component. For bamboo yellow, there were 3.11% of ferulic acid and 5.51% of p-coumaric acid. The amounts of ester-linked and ether-linked ferulic acid were 1.71% and 1.40%, respectively. And the amounts of ester-linked and ether-linked p-coumaric acid were 4.34% and 1.17%, respectively. Two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonance(2D-HSQC NMR) confirmed that the ester-linked ferulic and p-coumaric acid in the alkaline-soluble lignins of bamboo green and bamboo yellow might be esterified in the γ position of β-O-4 aryl ether bonds in the lignin.