Abstract: In order to screen high-effective fungicide against 3 common wood fungi, i.e., Poria vaporaria, Trichoderm aviride and Coriolus versicolor, the antifungal activities of essential oil and derivatives from Litsea cubeba(Lour.) Pers. oil (10 kinds of compounds) were investigated by mycelium growth rate. The toxicity equations of inhibition rates against three fungi were established. The results showed that the ten kinds of compounds exhibited certain antifungal activity, and with the increasing concentration, antifungal activity became stronger. The inhibition effects of the ten compounds on the three wood fungi were respectively analyzed in comparison with the effect of triadimefon. The results showed that the most powerful compounds against Poria vaporaria, Trichoderm aviride, and Coriolus versicolor were citral acetal 1,2-propanediol, beta-iononeand irone, respectively. And their EC50 values were 18.69, 23.50 and 32.21 mg/L, respectively. The cell membranes of three fungi were damaged by citral acetal 1,2-propanediol, beta-ionone and irone. This indicated that, the wood preservation of Litsea cubeba oil was related with the damage of cell membranes of fungi.