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纤维素基电极材料在柔性超级电容器中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on Application of Cellulose-based Materials as Electrode in Flexible Supercapacitor

  • 摘要: 纤维素是自然界中一种轻质、生物相容性好以及柔韧性强的生物高分子材料,在柔性超级电容器、生物传感器以及电磁屏蔽等领域得到了广泛应用。在柔性超级电容器领域中,纤维素基材料的多羟基结构是电解质离子传导的良好介质,有助于提高电极材料的电容特性以及循环特性,并且易与导电活性材料(如:石墨烯、碳纳米管、导电高分子)通过涂布、共混、层层自组装以及原位聚合等方法构建导电框架以制备柔性电极材料。综述了基于纤维素材料的柔性超级电容器电极开发的相关研究,重点介绍了基于不同纤维素基原料(原生纤维素、纳米纤维素以及纤维素衍生物)制备柔性超级电容器电极的方法以及所得电极的电化学性质,分析归纳了纤维素基材料在柔性电极中的主要作用:作为骨架支撑柔性电极材料、充当柔性基底(可兼有隔膜作用)、形成多孔结构传输电解质离子。最后,对纤维素材料在柔性电极材料领域的发展趋势进行了展望。

     

    Abstract: Cellulose has been increasingly utilized in the area of flexible supercapacitor, biosensor, and electromagnetic shielding because of its unique advantages of lightweight, biocompatibility and flexibility. The polyhydroxy structure of cellulose is beneficial for the transmission of electrolyte ions, resulting in the good performance of the electric capacity and cyclical stability for flexible electrode materials. Furthermore, flexible cellulose-based electrode can be obtained by coating, compounding, layer-by-layer self-assembling and in situ chemical polymerization with electroconductive materials(e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes, conductive polymer and so on). Resent researches of the cellulose-based flexible electrode materials from different cellulose-based raw materials(original cellulose, nanocellulose and cellulose derivatives) were introduced in this review and the preparation methods and electrochemical properties of the obtained materials were also focused. The contributions of cellulose-based materials in the flexible electrode were categorized as:the backbone for supporting the flexible electrode material, the flexible substrates(or separator) and the ion channel for electrolyte. The future development and the challenges in the area of cellulose-based flexible electrode were also prospected.

     

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