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干燥方法对互叶白千层理化特性及精油品质的影响

Effects of Different Drying Methods on Physicochemical Properties and Essential Oil Quality of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel

  • 摘要: 研究了4种不同干燥方法(太阳晒干、热风干燥、真空干燥和冷冻干燥)对互叶白千层理化特性及精油品质的影响,结果表明:经热风干燥互叶白千层中总黄酮含量最高,为(2.68±0.27)%;经冷冻干燥互叶白千层DPPH·清除率、·ABTS+清除率最低,分别为(53.74±4.58)%、(71.63±2.95)%;经4种方法干燥后,精油提取得率下降,冷冻干燥所得互叶白千层精油提取得率最高(5.99±0.60)%,精油中松油烯-4-醇大于30%,1,8-桉叶素小于5%,符合ISO4790-2004及GB/T 26514-2011中的规定标准;且经太阳晒干与热风干燥后所得精油中松油烯-4-醇含量的差异显著,太阳晒干所得精油中松油烯-4-醇最高为(50.14±1.48)%,冷冻干燥所得精油中1,8-桉叶素最低,为(1.19±0.09)%。

     

    Abstract: The effects of four drying methods, sun drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying and vacuum freeze drying on physicochemical properties and essential oil quality of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel were studied. The results showed that the contents of flavonoids was the highest in M. alternifolia after hot air drying and the contents were(2.68±0.27)%; the DPPH·and ABTS+ scavenging activities of the M. alternifolia after freeze-drying were the lowest and the scavenging rates were (53.74±4.58)% and (71.63±2.95)%, respectively. After drying by four methods, the extraction rates of essential oil decreased. The oil extraction rate was the highest after the freeze drying. The contents of terpinen-4-ol and 1, 8-cineole in the essential oil obtained were higher than 30% and less than 5%, respectively after drying process. The difference of the contents of terpineol-4-ol in the essential oil obtained after sun drying and hot air drying was significant, and the content obtained after the sun drying was the highest. The content of 1, 8-cineole in the essential oil obtained after vacuum freeze drying was the lowest.

     

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