Abstract: The pericarp of Sapindus mukorossi was extracted by water fermentation extract and ethanol extract and two kinds of extracts were obtained, with the comparative analysis of the chemical composition of two methods.The results showed that the purity of total saponins in water fermentation extract(WFE) (80.23%) was higher than that of ethanol extract(EE)(75.50%). Based on HPLC-DAD/MS, a total of 13 saponins were identified including 6 kinds of sesquiterpene glycosides and 7 kinds of triterpenoid saponins.WFE and EE both contained 12 saponins, of which triterpenoid saponins accounted for 66.07% and 80.39%, respectively. The MIC and MBC were used to compare in vitro antifungal activities. It was found that the WFE and EE all had significant antifungal activities, the MIC values were 62.50 and 31.25 mg/L and the MBC values were 250 and 125 mg/L, respectively. A mouse model of vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)was established to examine in vivo inhibitory effects. Compared with the negative group, the WFE significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the fungal burden and inflammatory factor (IL-6, IL-8). Both WFE and EE could improve VVC histopathology (P < 0.05). Therefore, S.mukorossi pericarp extracts had antifungal activity against Candida albicans in vitro and in vivo, and the treatment effect of the WFE was better.