Abstract: Nanocellulose is a natural material with high transparency and high mechanical strength, which could be prepared into films-forming materials using different methods such as vacuum filtration and solution casting. Modification of nanocellulose or addition of UV blocking agent could effectively improve the UV shielding performance of film materials, achieving its application value in the fields of photosensitive material coating, food packaging, UV protection and so on. In this paper, the mechanism of UV blocking agents was firstly introduced, then the research progress of the modified nanocellulose, nanocellulose/inorganic oxide and nanocellulose/lignin and other composite UV shielding film materials was mainly reviewed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in the preparation and application of nanocellulose-based UV shielding films were summarized and prospected.