Abstract: To prepare renewable biomass-based membrane materials with excellent mechanical properties, high light transmittance, good water vapor and oxygen barrier properties, bamboo nanocellulose(B-CNF) was prepared from bleached sulfate bamboo pulp fibers(BP), and then the molecular structure of cellulose in bamboo fibers was modified by oxidation with sodium periodate to prepare bamboo nanocellulose membrane material using bamboo as matrix. When B-CNF was oxidized and treated with NaIO₄ for 0.5, 1.5 and 3 h, the resulting oxidized bamboo nanocellulose was labeled as OB-CNF-0.5, OB-CNF-1.5 and OB-CNF-3, respectively, and the corresponding prepared membrane materials were labeled as OBF-0.5, OBF-1.5 and OBF-3. The membrane material prepared by B-CNF was named as BF. The membrane materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR), scanning electron microscope(SEM), and atomic force microscope(AFM) and other methods, and their mechanical properties, light transmission properties, water vapor and oxygen barrier properties were tested. The results showed that the oxidation of periodate could successfully introduce aldehyde groups in the long chain of cellulose molecules of bamboo fibers. As the oxidation time of periodate was extended to 3.0 h, the content of aldehyde groups in bamboo nanocellulose increased to 1.23 mmol/g. Compared with BF, with the extension of oxidation time, the bamboo nanocellulose-based membrane material would gradually develop a layered structure. The light transmission at the wavelength of 600 nm increased from 82.24% to 97.49%, the water vapor transmission(WVTR) decreased from 0.35 g·mm/(m²·h·kPa) to 0.13 g·mm/(m²·h·kPa), and the oxygen transmission(OTR) decreased from 4.37×10^-3cm³/(m²·d·Pa) to 1.68×10^-5cm³/(m²·d·Pa).The comprehensive performance of the membrane material OBF-1.5 was great, with tensile strength of 42.85 MPa, elongation at break of 8.88%, light transmission over 90% at 600 nm, water vapor transmission of 0.14 g·mm/(m²·h·kPa) and oxygen transmission of 1.68×10^-5cm³/(m²·d·Pa)