Abstract: Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC) has the backbone of cellulose, composed of β-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose units, also has many characteristics of nano-size particles which can be used in many fields. The morphological and behavior characteristics of NCC were analyzed by TEM,X-ray diffraction and FT-IR. The effects of NCC mass fraction, temperature, shearing rate, pH value and mass fraction of salt on the viscosity of colloidal NCC have been studied.