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松脂贮存过程的褐变作用及漂洗方法

BROWNING OF PINE GUM DURING ITS STORAGE AND RINSING

  • 摘要: 以含有松树皮、木质和松针叶等杂质的松脂为原料,水为溶剂进行松脂加工过程褐变作用和漂洗方法的研究。考察了不同水质、温度、时间、松脂粒度及更换漂洗水质对松脂贮存和漂洗过程褐变作用的影响,比较了漂洗和未漂洗松脂在熔解过程中的非酶褐变作用。结果表明采用细菌总数为110000个/L的河水贮存松脂,产生严重的褐变作用,导致松香产品颜色加深,松节油也夹带臭味;而用无菌或灭菌蒸馏水保养松脂,在室温下可贮存24个月、冷沸水可贮存12个月、自来水可贮存9个月,松脂的颜色基本不变;当贮存温度低于10℃时,抑制了松脂褐变作用的进行;松脂粒度小于10mm和更换水质的方法,有利于提高松脂所含杂质的浸提速率;新鲜松脂漂洗与否对熔解过程非酶褐变的影响不大。由于采用无菌或灭菌水质保养和漂洗松脂,延长了松脂的贮存时间,因此松脂厂可变季节性生产为全年生产,从而提高了生产装备的利用率和产量。

     

    Abstract: Studies on browning of pine gum during its storage and rinsing were carried out,using pine gum contaiminated with bark,wood,pine needle,etc.as raw material and water as solvent.Factors such as water quality,temperature,time,granularity of pine gum,and change of rinsing water quality which influence the browning during storage and rinsing of pine gum were investigated,and the comparison on non-enzymatic browning of rinsed pine gum and (non-rinsed) pine gum during melting have been made.The results showed that color of rosin product become darker when water used for storage contained up to 110 000 bacteria per litre which caused serious browning of the product and bad odour of turpentine.Pine gum can be stored for 24 months under room temperature using distilled water,or 12 months using cool boiled water,or 9 months using tap water,and the color of pine gum did not change basically.At storage temperature less than 10℃,the browning was restrained.Granularity of pine gum less than 10 mm and chang-ing of water quality were in favor of increasing the rate of leaching out of impurity in pine gum.The effect of rinsing of fresh pine gum on nonenzymatic browning during melting was not remarkable.As pine gum was stored or rinsed with water without germ or with sterilized water,the storage time can be prolonged,and the pine gum processing mill can produce all year round instead of seasonally,as a result the utilization of equipment and output can be raised.

     

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