Abstract: Aluminas with uniform mesoporous structure was synthesized using rosin-based quaternary ammo-nium salt as a template agent, and its structure was characterized with X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption and desorption. The results indicated that the surface area and pore diameter of the mesoporous γ-Al2O3 calcinated at 650℃ were in the range of 194-213 m2/g and 4.18-5.18 nm respectively. The content of the rosin-based quaternary ammo-nium salt had significant influence on the textural properties of mesoporous γ-Al2O3. The addition of suitable amount of rosin-based quaternary ammonium salt endowed mesoporous γ-Al2O3 with large pore diameter and narrow pore distribution.