α-蒎烯经二溴莰烷合成冰片二烯
Synthesis of the Bornadiene from 2,6-Dibromocamphane
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摘要: 以α-蒎烯为原料与Br2进行加成、异构化反应合成2,6-二溴莰烷,以2,6-二溴莰烷为中间体制备冰片二烯。α-蒎烯合成2,6-二溴莰烷的条件:Br2和α-蒎烯为2.5:1(物质的量之比),反应温度为 0 ℃,反应时间 24 h,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷,此条件下α-蒎烯转化率为 97.6 %,定向转化为2,6-二溴莰烷的选择性最高(48.8 %)。提纯后的2,6-二溴莰烷纯度为 99.0 %,得率为 45.6 %。以提纯后的2,6-二溴莰烷为原料制备冰片二烯的适宜反应条件:反应温度 100 ℃,反应时间 5 h,叔丁醇钾为消除试剂,叔丁醇钾与2,6-二溴莰烷投料比4:1(物质的量比),DMF为溶剂。2,6-二溴莰烷转化率为 99.12 %,冰片二烯的选择性为 99.0 %,提纯后的冰片二烯纯度可达 98.5 %。采用FT-IR、GC-MS和 1H NMR 等方法对2,6-二溴莰烷和冰片二烯进行了结构鉴定。Abstract: This article states the preparation of bornadiene from 2,6-dibromocanmaphane. It was synthesized from Br2 and α-pinene by addition and isomerization reactions. In this study, α-pinene was used as raw material for synthesis of 2,6-dibromocamphane. The production processes have been improved. The optimal conditions were: mole ratio of Br2 to α-pinene 2.5:1, reaction temperature 0 ℃, and reaction time 24 h. The conversion rate of α-pinene reached 97.6 %, 2,6 - dibromocamphane selectivity of 48.8 %, yield 45.6 %. Self-made 2, 6-dibromocamphane was used to synthesize bornadiene. The optimal conditions were as follows: reaction temperature 100 ℃,reaction time 5 h, t-BuOK used as elimination reagent, the mole ratio of t-BuOK to 2,6-dibromocamphane was 4:1, conversion rate of α-pinene reached 99.12 %. FT-IR, GC-MS, 1H NMR and elemental analysis were used to identify the structure of 2,6-dibromocamphane and bornadiene.