Abstract: The nano-cellulose (NCC) with cellulose Ⅱ type was prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis after alkali pretreatment. NCC/polyvinylalcohol(PVA) membrane of different mass fraction of NCC was prepared through solution blending and frozen pretreatment, respectively. Membrane morphology,dispersion of NCC, transmittance, tensile strength, elongation at break and thermal properties were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV), thermo-gravimetric(TG)analyzer, respectively. The results indicated that addition of 0.5% NCC showed reinforcement effect on tensile strength of the NCC/PVA membrane, and the tensile strength of NCC/PVA membrane increased 15% in contrast to the pure PVA membrane (control sample). Furthermore, there was no negative impact on the transmittance of the NCC/PVA membrane due to the good dispersion ability of NCC in PVA sustance. The dispersibility of NCC in PVA membrane was better after frozen pretreatment, and the tensile strength of NCC/PVA membrane increased by 16% than that of control sample when 0.5% NCC was added. A slightly increase of transmittance was observed, as well.