Abstract: Rhodiola crenulata polysaccharides-iron complex was synthesized by trisodium citrate-FeCl3 method. Orthogonal design was used to optimize the synthesis conditions of polysaccharide-iron.The effect of R.crenulata polysaccharide-iron complex on iron-dfficiency anemia was investigated by animal experiment. Results showed:A R.crenulata polysaccharide-iron complex with β-FeOOH iron nuclide was successfully synthesized. The optimized conditions were confirmed as follows:raw material 2g, m(polysaccharides):m(trisodium citrate)4:3,pH value 8.5, temperature70℃.The yield 0.55g and the mass fraction of iron 23.31% were obtained. The solution of polysaccharide-iron complex was kept clear, without deposits at pH value 3-11.Fe(Ⅲ) in polysaccharide-iron complex could be basically reduced into Fe(Ⅱ) within 7h by ascorbic acid. The polysaccharide-iron complex can increase red cell(Hb),hemoglobin(RBC),serum iron(SI),splenic index, splenic mass and mass of mice with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). Compared with modelsgroup, there were significant differences.