Abstract: The microcrystalline cellulose was hydrolyzed in the presence of 1g/L FeCl3 and 2% hydrochloric and the hydrolysis kinetics was investigated in this study. According to the principle of minimum of residue error S between actual yields of glucose and calculated value from the established function, the objective function is selected. The results indicated that the activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction for microcrystalline cellulose and glucose can be significantly reduced due to the presence of H+ and Fe3+. For the hydrolysis reaction of microcrystalline cellulose and glucose, the activation energy is 81.70kJ/mol and 43.85kJ/mol, respectively. The hydrolysis constant rate of microcrystalline cellulose is 0.0414, 0.0732 and 0.1153h-1 at the temperature of 130, 140 and 150℃, respectively. For glucose, it is 0.2053, 0.2424 and 0.3565 h-1 at the corresponding temperatures.