Abstract:
Objective To clarify the reproductive characteristics and regulation of Monochamus saltuarius, in this study, the reproductive behavior of the adults of M. saltuarius under laboratory conditions was observed and analyzed, which is helpful for the study of control strategies on the basis of its reproductive characteristics. The population density of the next generation can be reduced by inhibiting or delaying the mating of the M. saltuarius.
Method After nutrition supplementation, the a couple of 3-day-old female and male M. saltuarius adults were put in a transparent glass jar with segments and branches of P. koraiensis at room temperature, relative humidity 55% ± 5%, lighting conditions 8D:16L. The mounting, mating, gnawing oviposition scars, ovipositing and circadian rhythm of adults were observed continuously until they died.
Result The results showed that the mating of M. saltuarius could be divided into three stages: pair-bonding, ejaculation, and post-copulatory guarding. The average mating time of each adult was 2.38 ± 0.89 times per day, and the average mating duration was 27.86 ± 18.37 min per time; the average mating time was 1.74 ± 0.51 times per day, and the average mating duration was 8.68 ± 4.42 min per time; female adults average gnawing an oviposition scar of 1.76 ± 0.74 times per day, and the average duration of gnawing oviposition scars was 16.25 ± 9.45 min per time; the average spawning time was 1.87 ± 0.61 times per day, and the average duration of spawning was 16.00 ± 10.04 min per time. When there were three pairs of M. saltuarius in the glass jar, the times of mounting, mating, and gnawing oviposition scars increased, the number of eggs laid decreased, and the average duration of each mating behavior shortened. The reproductive behavior of M. saltuarius had an obvious cricadian rhythm, there were peaks during mationg and oviposition periods. The peak period of mating was 12:00-14:00, and the peak period of oviposition was 14:00-16:00 00. The study also found that during the mating process male adults tried to mate with the dead female adults, homosexual adults tried to mate with each other, and three adults mounted together.
Conclusion Under indoor conditions, M. saltuarius begins to reproduce on the 3th day after nutritional supplementation. The mating process can be divided into three stages: pair-bonding, ejaculation, and post-copulatory guarding. The mating and spawning behaviors of M. saltuarius have circadian rhythms.