Objective To explore the soil fertility of forest land in the main production area of Carya dabieshanensis, and provide basis for soil management and scientific fertilization of forest land of C. dabieshanensis.

Method 88 soil samples were collected from the main producing areas of C. dabieshanensis in Jinzhai County, Huoshan County and Luotian County. According to the indicators of pH, organic matter, Total N, Toal P, Total K, Available N, Available P and Available K, the soil fertility was evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and its content and variation were analyzed.

Results The average soil pH value of Carya dabieshanensis was 5.19; The contents of soil organic matter, Total P, Available N and Available P were generally rich, with an average of 53.11 g·kg⁻¹, 0.99 g·kg⁻¹, 179.41 mg·kg⁻¹ and 21.30 mg·kg⁻¹, respectively. The average value of Total N was 1.02 g·kg⁻¹, at a medium content level. The contents of soil Total K and Available K were relatively deficient, with an average of 8.24 g·kg⁻¹ and 71.52 mg·kg⁻¹. The average value of comprehensive index of soil fertility (IFI) of C. dabieshanensis was 0.61. Both Grade II and III soils accounted for 50.00%. Principal component analysis showed that organic matter, Available N, Total P, Available P, pH and Total K were the most important factors affecting soil comprehensive fertility.

Conclusion The comprehensive soil fertility of forest land in C. dabieshanensis is generally high. The contents of organic matter, Available N and phosphorus are rich, the pH value is acidic, and potassium is deficient. Soil management should improve the soil to increase the pH value, increase potassium fertilizer, maintain phosphorus fertilizer and reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer.