乌桕新害虫——中华卡扁蜡蝉的形态及分子鉴定

丁永顺; 陈祥盛; 杨琳; 常志敏

doi:10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2018.06.010

乌桕新害虫——中华卡扁蜡蝉的形态及分子鉴定

Morphological and Molecular Identification of Kallitaxila sinica (Walker, 1851), A New Pest of Chinese Tallow Tree

摘要

摘要:
目的介绍发生在贵州省龙里县乌桕上的一种新害虫——中华卡扁蜡蝉的形态及分子鉴定的方法。
方法对中华卡扁蜡蝉卵、若虫（5龄）及成虫3个虫态的形态特征进行了详细描记；同时通过PCR扩增，获取了中华卡扁蜡蝉的线粒体COI基因序列。利用MEGA 6. 0软件对其序列组成及遗传距离进行分析，以竹鳎扁蜡蝉、红线鳎扁蜡蝉、勐仑鳎扁蜡蝉为外群，采用邻接法（NJ）构建系统发育树。
结果系统发育树显示中华卡扁蜡蝉10个样品的COI基因序列能较好地聚为一枝；中华卡扁蜡蝉的种内遗传距离为0.000~0.065，4种扁蜡蝉科昆虫种间遗传距离为0.142~0.202，种内遗传距离与种间遗传距离不存在重叠现象。
结论 COI基因序列可作为DNA条形码片段，实现中华卡扁蜡蝉快速、准确的物种鉴定。初步调查了中华卡扁蜡蝉的发生规律及危害状况。

Abstract:
Objective To identify the Kallitaxila sinica (Walker, 1851) (Hemiptera:Fulgoroidea:Tropiduchidae), a new insect pest of Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) in Longli County, Guizhou, China, based on morphological and molecular data.
Method The morphological characteristics of adult, egg and fifth instar nymph of K. sinica were described and illustrated respectively. The COI sequences of K. sinica were obtained by PCR, the sequence composition and genetic distances were analyzed and the phylogenetic tree of four tropiduchid species based on neighbor-joining methods were constructed by MEGA 6.0 software, Tambinia bambusana, T. rubrolineate and T. menglunensis were chosen as outgroups.
Result The results show that COI sequences of ten sample of K. sinica are independent evolutionary branches. Intraspecific genetic distances of K. sinica is 0.000~0.065, and interspecific genetic distances of four tropiduchid species is 0.142~0.202; there is no overlapping in genetic distances between intraspecific and interspecific.
Conclusion COI gene fragment as DNA barcode, can be used to molecular identification of K. sinica. Damage symptoms and occurrence regularity of K. sinica were also introduced in this paper.

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