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粤北针阔混交林不同器官碳氮磷钾的生态化学计量特征

Stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Organs of Coniferous-broadleaved Mixed Forest in Northern Guangdong

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 为充分了解粤北地区针阔叶混交林碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）元素在树木不同器官中的分配格局及其生态化学计量特征，以期揭示粤北地区南亚热带针阔混交林中树木不同器官的养分平衡机理及环境适应机制，为合理经营管理南亚热带森林生态系统提供科学依据。
    方法 以广东南雄小流坑－青嶂山省级自然保护区的木荷、南酸枣、米槠、杉木、马尾松5个主要树种为研究对象，分析比较不同树种枝、叶、根、干的养分元素含量、生态化学计量特征及其C、N、P、K含量和计量比之间的相关关系。
    结果 5个树种不同器官的N、P、K元素含量均表现为叶最高，干最低，根、枝居中；5个树种不同器官的C:N、C:P、C:K均表现为干最高，叶最低，根、枝居中。5个树种叶的平均C、N、P、K含量分别为512.04、14.29、0.74、10.30 mg·g−1，且叶的N、P、K含量与其他器官存在显著差异(P < 0.05)。相关性分析表明：树木具有复杂的内在协调机制。
    结论 粤北针阔混交林树种不同器官的C含量较高，但N、P、K元素较缺乏，树木生长主要受P限制；米槠、南酸枣、杉木具有较高的P利用能力，且南酸枣具有更合理的养分分配格局，有利于在群落竞争中保持优势地位。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To fully understand the ecological stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), in different organs of mixed forest in northern Guangdong and to reveal the nutrient balance mechanism and environmental adaptation mechanism of different organs of trees in the mixed forest in the southern subtropical in northern Guangdong.
    Method Five tree species, i.e. Schima superba, Choerospondias axillaris, Castanopsis carlesii, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana in Xiaoliukeng-Qingzhangshan provincial nature reserve in Nanxiong County of Guangdong Province, were used as the trial materials to compare the distribution patterns and ecological stoichiometry characteristics of these species, and the correlation between the contents of these elements and the stoichiometric ratio of different organs.
    Result The results demonstrated that the contents of the four elements were the highest in leaf, the lowest in stem, and the medium in root and branch. The C:N, C:P and C:K showed the highest in stem, the lowest in leaf, and the medium in root and branch. The average C, N, P and K contents in leaf of the five tree species were 512.04, 14.29, 0.74 and 10.30 mg·g−1, respectively. The contents of N, P and K in leaf were significantly different from those in other organs (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that trees had a complex internal coordination mechanism.
    Conclusion The content of C in each organ of coniferous-broadleaved mixed forest in northern Guangdong is relatively high, but the contents of N, P and K are scarce, and the growth of trees is mainly restricted by phosphorus. Castanopsis carlesii, Choerospondias axillaris, and Cunninghamia lanceolata have higher utilization ability of P element, and Choerospondias axillaris has a better nutrient distribution pattern, which is conducive to maintaining the dominant position in the competition.

     

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