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基于因子分析的不同楸树无性系耐锑综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Antimony Tolerance of Different Catalpa bungei Clones based on Factor Analysis

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 为了评价10个不同无性系楸树的耐锑能力，为锑污染土壤的修复提供植物材料。
    方法 在不同锑胁迫浓度下，通过对生长量、生物量、叶片叶绿素含量、根茎叶中锑元素含量、叶片解剖结构、叶片中过氧化氢含量(H2O2)、超氧阴离子(O2−﹒)含量、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、过氧化物酶（POD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性的测定，并利用因子分析法对10个不同无性系楸树耐锑能力进行综合评价。
    结果 不同浓度锑胁迫下，除8402无性系根生物量差异不显著外，其余无性系地上和根生物量在不同锑浓度间存在差异；随锑胁迫浓度的升高，大部分无性系株高和地径增长量均表现为先升高后降低的趋势；除8402和72无性系在2 000 mg·kg−1锑胁迫下根生物量比对照高外，其它无性系在较低浓度锑胁迫下促进了生物量增加，到了一定浓度随着锑浓度的增加，生物量逐渐减少。楸树对锑的富集主要在根部，600 mg·kg−1锑胁迫下，63无性系根、叶中锑含量最高，8402无性系茎中锑含量最高；1 200 mg·kg−1锑胁迫下，5-2无性系根中锑含量最高，1-1无性系茎和叶中锑含量最高；2 000 mg·kg−1锑胁迫下，5-8无性系根中锑含量最高，8402无性系茎中锑含量最高，72无性系叶中锑含量最高。在一定胁迫压力内，抗氧化酶活性和植物体内的活性氧物质的浓度呈正相关性。
    结论 对各指标进行综合分析表明，在0～2 000 mg·kg−1锑胁迫下，10个楸树无性系耐锑能力大小排序为5-8>0>20-01>2-8>5-2>63>8402>1>72>1-1。研究结果为锑污染土壤修复提供了植物材料，在土壤锑污染2 000 mg·kg−1以下，能够利用锑耐受能力强的楸树无性系进行修复。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To evaluate the antimony tolerance of 10 different clones of Catalpa bungeiso for providing plant materials for the remediation of antimony contaminated soil.
    Method Under different antimony stress, the growth, biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, antimony content, leaf anatomical structure, hydrogen peroxide content, superoxide anion content, glutathione, and antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POD, APX) of different clones were determined. The antimony tolerance of 10 different clones was evaluated by factor analysis.
    Result The results showed that under different concentrations of antimony stress, there were significant differences in aboveground and root biomass except 8402. The plant height and ground diameter of most clones increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of sb concentration. The root biomass of clone 8402 and 72, was higher than that of the control. Under the sb concentration 2 000 mg·kg−1, the other clones promoted the increase of the root biomass under low antimony concentration, and gradually decreased with the increase of antimony concentration to a certain concentration. Antimony was mainly accumulated in root. Under concentration 600 mg·kg−1, clone 63 had the highest antimony content in roots and leaves, and 8402 had the highest antimony content in stems. Under 1 200 mg·kg−1, clone 5-2 had the highest antimony content in roots,1-1had the highest antimony content in the stem and leaf . Under 2 000 mg·kg−1, the highest antimony content in roots, stems and leaves was clone 5-8,8402 and 72, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of reactive oxygen species in plants under certain antimony stress.
    Conclusion The comprehensive evaluation of antimony tolerance of 10 Catalpa bungei clones under 0-2 000 mg·kg−1 antimony stress is clone 5-8 > 0 > 20-01 > 2-8 > 5-2 > 63 > 8402 > 1 > 72 > 1-1. The results provide plant materials for the remediation on antimony contaminated soil, and can improve the remediation effect of antimony contaminated soil. Under 2 000 mg·kg−1 antimony concentration in soil, Catalpa bungei clones with strong antimony tolerance can be used for remediation.

     

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