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杨树舟蛾优良白僵菌菌株的筛选及林间不同剂型防治试验

Study on Excellent Strains ofBeauveria bassiana againstNotodontidae inPopulus × euramer icana and Controlling by D ifferent Formulations in Forest

  • 摘要: 为了有效控制杨树舟蛾的危害, 对林间采集的7种白僵菌进行优良菌株的筛选, 并应用筛选出的优良菌株进行不同剂型、不同施菌量的林间防治研究。结果表明, 杨树舟蛾优良菌株B jy, 在菌落形态、生长速度、产孢量、孢子萌发率以及毒力方面, 均表现出较其他同期菌株优良的性状, 产孢量为3. 81 × 108个·cm-2, 分生孢子在24 h内萌发率达96. 67%, 在毒力方面, 20 d幼虫校正死亡率达94. 4%, 处理僵虫率达92. 2%; 对杨树舟蛾最好的剂型是超低量油剂和超低量复合油剂, 其中超低容量油剂以施菌量1. 5 × 1013或2. 0 × 1013个 ·hm-2为宜, 校正死亡率达95. 4%和100%,白僵率达84. 6%和90. 2%, 树叶受害率39. 7%和32. 3%; 超低量复合油剂以施菌量1. 0 × 1013个· hm-2的油剂中添加3. 0 mL hm-2的杀灭菊酯为最佳, 校正死亡率达93. 8%, 白僵率达67. 9%, 树叶受害率26. 1%。

     

    Abstract: To decrease the damage caused byNotodontidae in Populus × euramericana, the seven strains ofB eauveria bassiana ( Bb)were tested on co lonymorphology, growth rate ofmyce lium, sporulat ion, spore germ inat ion rate and virulence,and the forms of o il formulation, emulsion, water agent and pow der of Bb w ere adopted to contro l in forestw ith differentfungus application amoun.t The results showed that the screened excellent strain named B jyw ere the best among others,w ith lawns were ch ick, co loniesw ere round, edgesw ere regu lar, thicknessw ere uniform and veinswere clear, and sporulat ion w as 3. 81×108 per square centmi eter and spore germination ratewas 96. 67% w ithin twenty-four hours. The tox ic itydetermination show ed that themortality reached 94. 4% and white cadaver rate was 92. 2% on the tw ent ieth day; the o ilformulation by ULV spray ing w as the best and 1. 5 ×1013, 2. 0×1013 spores per hectare w ere optmi a,l w hich had a goodcontro l effect ofmortality attained 95. 4% and 100%, white cadaver ratew ere 84. 6% and 90. 2%, damage rates of leafw ere 39. 7% and 32. 3%. Threem illilitres Fema lerate per hactarew ere added to oil formulation o fBb, the contro l effectofmortality attained 93. 8%, wh ite cadaver rate was 67. 9%, damage rate of leafw as 26. 1% were testified.

     

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