Abstract: Based on investigation data of the naturally-distributed Cephalotaxus oliveri communities in Yunnan, Guizhou and Jiangxi provinces, the niche breadth, niche overlap, chi-square test, association coefficient (AC) and interspecific covariation based on 2×2 contingency table were used to analyze the interspecific relationship of dominant populations of C. oliveri communities. The results showed that the important value and the niche of breadth of C. oliveri in the communities were the highest. Relevant analysis results of important value and index of Levins showed the greater the important value, the greater the niche breadth of populations. The Schooner index showed that for 92.63% of the species, no or weak niche overlap were found, and the niche overlap was smaller between C. oliveri and other dominant populations. In chi-square test, species pairs of neutral connection were 64.74%, especially interspecific association between C. oliveri and other dominant populations. The ratio of species pairs of the positive and negative association coefficient between all dominant populations in community was 0.91. In the same way, the species pairs of negative interspecific covariation were more than that of positive interspecific covariation. C. oliveri and fir showed significant negative interspecific covariation, with the rest of the population, no significantly covariance correlation. The lager utilizing competition did not exist between populations in the community. Bbecause C. oliveri was appropriated valleys or stream sides and less external distractions, so its community stability was relative higher.