Abstract: In this paper,a general structure of expert system based on the Artificial Neural Network was put forward for forest disaster monitoring. The structure of Artificial Neural Network and its sample description were discussed,and the sample points should be selected according to the statistical regularity of NOAA data.The differences between the functions with different transfer in the neural network structure were also discussed.It has been proved by a practical case that there was a good approximation and convergence when using H transfer function in the structure.