Abstract: In order to investigate maternal and paternal effects on photosynthetic characteristics of Larix kaempferi × L. olgensis hybrids, The light response curse and CO2 response curse were examined among three poly-crossed families and three full-sib families. Results demonstrated that significant differences existed in apparent quantum yield, dark respiration rate, carboxylation efficiency and very significant differences existed in light compensation point, CO2 compensation point among poly-crossed families, while very significant differences was detected only in dark respiration rate of three full-sib hybrid families. Maternal effect played a major role in determining photosynthetic characteristics of Larix kaempferi × L. olgensis hybrids. More attention should be paid to maternal effects when selecting high photosynthetic efficiency parents which are used for breeding for high photosynthetic efficiency.