Abstract: Based on 24 sample plots with different biotopes and afforestation modes in Sanming and Jian'ou of Fujian Province, the growth and stand differentiation of Phoebe bournei were analyzed. The results indicated that: for 45-year-old Phoebe bournei pure plantation, the height displayed conversely with the diameter at breast height (DBH), the average height of Phoebe bournei grown at north and east slope was taller than that at south and west slope; however, the average DBH of stand at south and east slope was significantly larger than that of plantation at north and west slope; while the growth of the plantation at middle and lower slope was better than that at upper slope. For 45-year-old mixed plantation, the plantation mixed with Cunninghamia lanceolata was superior than that of other mixed modes such as mixed with Fokienia hodginsii, Phyllostachys edulis and Schima superba. Likewise, the 8 to 10-years-old Phoebe bournei plantation grown under different shady environment displayed that young stand planted under Pinus massoniana crown and interplanted with coppice shoot of fir did better than that of under C. lanceolata. Not only the height of Phoebe bournei with the two modes mentioned above, but also the DBH of them were larger than that of under C. lanceolata mode. The variation of height and DBH of Phoebe bournei plantation in same direction and position of slope, mixed plantation and the under Pinus massoniana crown mode were small, oppositely, differentiation in crown of that was large. The model fitting diameter distribution for different microsites (slope, position of slope) and mixed modes of Phoebe bournei plantation with cumulative distribution function of Weibull distribution were good; The diameter distribution for plantation in different direction and position of slope, mixed plantation with Phyllostachys edulis and that planted under shady environment were the reverse "J" type which means the stands had been undergoing stable stand structure and reasonable competition and the adaptability of this tree species strong. However, the diameter distribution for plantation mixed with C. lanceolata, F. hodginsii and S. superba took single hump with left avertence shape which indicated that the stands were in the late stage of natural thinning of competition period. And the tree species in class Ⅱ and Ⅲ were dominant in the stands excepting the plantation grown with coppice shoot of fir and under C. lanceolata according to tree classification. Thus, it is necessary to select the microsite and mixed mode for Phoebe bournei plantation depending on cultivation target. For example, the pure plantation should be in partial sunny, half shady, middle and lower slope. Phoebe bournei plantation should be planted under shady environment and the crown tree species could be removed when the target plantations reach its middle stage. C. lanceolata is a better choice for Phoebe bournei. While, it is better to remove the associated species in Phoebe bournei plantations mixed with C. lanceolata and interplanted with coppice shoot of fir when they reach to closure period. If possible, it should choose under Pinus massoniana crown mode when planted under shady environment and fertility site.