Abstract: The sampling method was used to analyze the microbe quantity and enzymatic activity in rhizospheric soil of Phyllostachys pubescens. The results showed that the quantity of bacteria in rhizosphere was more than that in non rhizosphere, the R/S value was 1 53 in average. For the bamboo stand with different age, the quantity of microbe and enzymatic activity in rhizosphere under 1 and 3 year old stand was higher than that under 5 year old stand. The quantity of fungi followed the same pattern (R/S 2.05), but the quantity of fungi in rhizosphere under 3 year old stand was more than that under 1 year old stand. No distinct difference was found about the quantity of actinomyces between rhizosphere and non rhizosphere or among stands with different ages. The activities of hydrogen peroxidase, urease and sucrase were higher in rhizosphere than in non rhizosphere, and the R/S values were 1.28, 1.48 and 1.94 respectively. However, no significant difference was found among various ages of bamboo stand. The activities of protease and phosphatase were also higher in rhizosphere than in non rhizosphere, and the R/S values were 2.00 and 1.82 respectively. Protease activity of rhizosphere under 3 year old stand was higher than that under 1 and 5 year old stand. The difference of phosphatase activity in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere also existed for both 3 and 5 year old stands.