Biology of Orb-weaver Spider Araneus ventricosusand Its Role in Insect Pest Control
-
摘要: 大腹圆蛛(Araneus ventricosus)在吉林省2年完成1代,跨3个年度,以1-2龄和6-7龄若蛛越冬。该蛛除卵期及1、2龄蛛外,其它龄态的若、成蛛均张网捕食生活。该蛛喜居有光的栖境,在林缘、林窗处、路旁处结圆形垂直网,昼伏夜出,在小雨条件下可以正常活动。大腹圆蛛对小型猎物可直接取食,对中、大型猎物,需缠绕成束的捕获丝缚住再取食。在林间大腹圆蛛可取食多种蛾和叶蜂成虫,包括兴安落叶松鞘蛾、落叶松毛虫、黄褐幕枯叶蛾、舞毒蛾、栎毒蛾、松皮小卷蛾、松廮小卷蛾、伊藤厚丝叶蜂和落叶松叶蜂等多种落叶松害虫,是一种有效的害虫天敌。Abstract: The life cycle of orb-weaver spider, Araneus ventricosus( Arachnida: Araneae,Araneidae) takes for two years stretching over three years in Jilin province, China. The spider overwinters in the first to second and the six to seven instars. Except for the egg stage and the first to second instars, the other young instars and the mature spiders spin webs so they can catch insects and other small animals for their food. The spider favorites light place in the habitat, and spin vertical circular nets in the forest edge, forest gap, roadside, resting in the daytime and feeding in the night. Even in the light rain condition they are active normally. The spider can prey directly small insects, however, for large insect they can feed it after web capture silk is twined. The spider feed many larch insect pests, including the moths of Coleophora obducta (Meyrick), Dendrolimus superans (Butler), Malacosoma neustria testacea Motschulsky, Lymantria dispar L., Lymantria mathura Moore, Laspeyresia grunertiana (Ratzburg), Laspeyresia zebeana (Ratzeburg), and the sawflies of Pachynematus itoi Okutani, Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig). Thus, the spider potentially becomes an effective natural enemy of larch insect pests.
-
Keywords:
- Araneus ventricosus /
- biology /
- pest control /
- larch stand
-
-
尹长民,王家福,朱明生,等.中国动物志·蛛形纲·蜘蛛目:圆蛛科[M].北京:科学出版社, 1997:195-196 王志明,皮忠庆,胡玉山,等.兴安落叶松鞘蛾天敌及其作用研究初报[J].中国生物防治,1995,11(1):33-35 王昌贵,于红国,王翠珍,等.大腹圆蛛生物学特性研究初报[J].森林病虫通讯, 1995(4):23-24 Martin N,Keith D S. Composition, abundance and pest control potential of spider communities in agroecosystems: a comparison of European and US studies [J].Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment,2003,95(2-3): 579-612
王志明.大腹圆蛛(蜘蛛目:圆生物学及其控制害虫作用蛛科)生物学的研究 .中国动物学会成立60周年纪念论文集.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1994:192-195 Koch L. Japanesische Arachniden und Myriapoden[J]. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Kniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien,1878,27:735–798
Symondson W O C, Sunderland K D, Greenstone M H. Can generalist predators be effective biocontrol agents? [J]. Annual Review of Entomology,2002,47:561-594
于春林.大腹圆蛛的生活习性[J].动物学杂志,1982(6):1-3 王志明,胡玉山,宁长林,等.落叶松人工混交林内害虫——天敌种群动态及其相关的初步研究[J].生态学杂志,1992,11(3):59-61 蔡 峻,赵敬钊,严 冰. 3种圆蛛幼蛛各龄形态比较[J].蛛形学报,1998,7(1):48-53 王志明,皮忠庆,胡玉山,等.落叶松人工林害虫与天敌自然制约作用研究[J].林业科学研究,1993,6(专刊):130-133 Darlene M, Francis A D,Randy A. Spider Predation in Agroecosystems: Can Spiders Effectively Control Pest Populations? .Technical Bulletin 190 Maine agricultural and forest experiment station, The University of Maine
Patrick M, Alain C. Maintaining spider biodiversity in agroecosystems as a tool in pest control [J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment,1997,62 (2-3): 229-235
任立宗. 马尾松林蜘蛛群落组成及其聚类分析[J].林业科学研究,1993,5(4):147-122
计量
- 文章访问数: 4189
- HTML全文浏览量: 371
- PDF下载量: 1391
下载:
