落叶松杂种大规模繁殖配套技术研究
Study on a Complete Set of Larch Hybrid Mass Propagation
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摘要: 研究了日本落叶松×长白落叶松不同杂交组合的授粉可配性、可育性,杂种苗生长、杂种采穗园母株插穗产量和全光雾插条件下不同组合、单株插穗经不同浓度激素处理的生根以及大田生根插穗移植成活、生长情况。日本落叶松×长白落叶松种间易于杂交,不同组合间授粉可配性和杂种苗生长差异十分明显。尽管组合间插穗生根存在着明显差异,但幼年母株插穗一般生根容易,不经任何激素处理生根率也能达到90%以上。采穗园2.5~3.5年生杂种母株,平均可繁殖13~27株·株-1、级2年生扦插苗。基于目前的研究结果组装各环节最佳方案,用人工控制授粉的方法配制优良组合(一般、特殊配合力高)的杂种种子,播种育苗后建采穗园进行扦插繁殖,即能在短期内大量增殖这些珍稀的遗传改良杂种。Abstract: Cross compatibility,fertility,growth performance of hybrid seedlings,cutting production of ortet in scion plucking nursery rooting ability of hybrid cuttings treated with various concentration of IBA in sand and wood dust media under full light mist irrigation condition of different cross combinations between Larix kaempferi and L. olgensis were studied in Liaoning and Jilin provinces from 1994 to 1998. Survivor percentage and growth of rooted cuttings after being transplanted in nursery of different combinations were also studied. In general,there is no difficulty to get larch hybrid,yet cross compatibility and growth behavior of hybrid of different combinations differed for different combinations. Though there were obviously difference in rooting ability among cross combinations and ortets but cuttings taken from young hybrid ortets were easy to root. Each of 2.5~3.5 year old ortet might derive 13~27 two year old plantlets (ramet) on average for planting. Based on the results obtained,a new strategy is proposed for mass production of genetically improved hybrid larch:i.e.is to produce hybrid seeds of best general or special combinations by artificial pollination and to multiply the scarce improved hybrid by vegetative propagation.