Abstract: Through seeding test on field condition under different of altitude,lighting,seedbed type and soil thickness,as well as seed germination and seedling survival being compared among provenances,the adaptability of Abies chensiensis seed and seedling were studied in natural environment.The results showed that in natural environment the seed germination rate of A.chensiensis was only 17.7%,which was less than half of its germination rate(36%) in laboratory.Altitude,lighting,seedbed type,soil thickness and seed provenances all had various effects on seed germination,seedling survival and growth of A.chensiensis.In practice,the rejuvenation of A.chenesiensis should follow the principle of favored tree species for suitable sites and optimal provenances be used.