Abstract: Applying the phytosociological methods, eight communities of Cephalotaxus oliveri distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou and Jiangxi provinces were investigated. The results showed that there were 336 species of vascular plants belonging to 235 genera of 108 families, and generally, Cephalotaxus oliveri has became common dominant or frequent species in the dominant layer of these communities. Lauraceae was the most dominant family, Lindera was the most dominant genus, and Itoa orientalis , Bothrocaryum controversa , Litsea pungens, Alangium chinense , Macropanax rosthornii z Chimonobambusa grandifolia and Phyllostachys heterocycla (Carr.) Mitford cv."Pubescens"were the main dominant species in the community composition. The community physiognomy of Cephalotaxus oliveri was very similar to that of Subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest, according to Raunkiaer' life form system, the ratios of phanerophytes, chamaephytes, hemicryptophytes, cryptophytes and therophytes were 62.78%,12.67%,9.73%,12.29% and 2.53% respectively. The study of leaf types indicated that the compositions of leaf was made up for nanophyll of 68.49%, without macrophyll and megaphyll. For leaf texture, the papery leaf took the largest proportion (55.89%) and that of membranous leaf the least (4.93%). The proportion of simple leaves was 76.99% and that of compound leaves was 23.11%, the entire leaves took 49.04% and no-entire leaves took 50.06%. And the spatial pattern of individual distribution in all communities belonged to be clumped. The characteristics of vertical structure of communities indicated that the layer higher than 3.5m, with 68.71% of mean value of coverage, was the dominant layer in the communities. Also the statistics of static life table explained that the populations growing in Daozhen, Jiangkou, Taijiang and Zhenyuan counties belonged to expanding populations, but the populations in Luxi, Kaili, Pinbian and Xinping counties were stable populations. In addition, the species diversity in different communities also existed significant differences and the similarity between communities was not significant.