Abstract: To develop short-rotation industrial plantation is an useful way to alleviaten the crisis of forest resources China and is useful for the coordination of the contradiction between economic and ecological use of forests. Recently, a lot of land used for developing the short-rotation industrial plantation are of low soil fertility, and the productivity of successive plantation on these lands is decreasing because of the degradation of soil fertility, largely due to the limitation of natural, social, and economic conditions. For consuming up a lot of soil nutrients, the short-rotation industrisl plantation could not absorb enough inherent nutrients from soil for its normal growth. It takes long time to restore soil fertility by biological ways such as mixed cropping and rotation of crops etc., and it is difficult to increase the soil fertility in the near future by these ways, so plantation fertilization, like the application of superior seeds,is necessary to cultivate the short-rotation industrial plantations.