Abstract: In order to understand the influence of mulching management on soil nitrogen, nitrification and denitrification of Phyllostachys praecox stands, and furthermore to provide a theoretic reference for the sustainable management of Ph. praecox, four kinds of Ph. praecox stand were selected, which were under mulching for one year (1 a), three years (3 a), five years (5 a) and non-mulching (CK), to measure the total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen in the soil layer with the depth from 0-20 cm. The gross nitrification and denitrification rates were measured by the barometrical separation technique. The results showed that, compared with the CK, the content of total nitrogen increased with prolonged mulching. The change law of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different trial stands followed a curve of high-low-high-low. The ratio of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased significantly with the extended response time, as the ratio was the highest in mulching for 3 a. The ammonium nitrate ratio in soil indicated a progressively increase and had a remarkable increase after mulching for 5 a. Ammonium nitrogen is the main form of inorganic nitrogen reservoir in Ph. praecox stand soil. However, the gross nitrification rate decreased gradually over time. There was a significant decrease in mulching for 3 a and 5 a. Generally speaking, the soil nitrification rate was not positively associated with nitrogen or ammonium nitrate ratio, only the soil nitrification rate in the soil types of CK was positively related to the ammonium nitrate content. The denitrification rates greatly increased in the soil mulching for 5 years, reached 69.53 μg N·kg-1·h-1, but the others was 0. Research indicated that forest management had a more significant impact on the component types and rates in the proportion of soil nitrogen, and weakened the soil nitrification. Soil nitrogen was not the major factor limiting nitrification. A long-term management will significantly improve the soil denitrification, which will increase the loss of soil nitrogen. Casual types of mulching are recommended in actual production, with continuous coverage of less than 3 years.