Abstract: An investigation was conducted in a 1.5 hm2 permanent plot in the windthrow area of Picea asperata and Abies nephrolepis forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains to measure the microclimatic factors of photosynthetic photo flux density(PPFD), relative air humidity(RH), the soil temperature of surface(TS0), the depth of 5 cm (TS5) and 10 cm (TS10), soil water content at the depth of 07.6 cm (SWC1), 012 cm(SWC2) and 020 cm(SWC3) on 35 pairs of pit and mound microsites (mound top, mound face, pit bottom, pit wall) from June to September in 2013. The intact site (intact forest floor undisturbed by uprooting) was set up as the controls. The monthly variations of the microclimatic factors on 5 different microsites and the impacts of PPFD, RH, and SWC on TS were compared. The results showed that: from July to September, both mean monthly PPFD and TS0 in pit and mound microstes ranked in the decreasing order of July > August > September, but the monthly mean RH, TS5 and TS10 decreased in the order of August > July > September, the monthly mean SWC decreased in the order of August > September > July; from July to the August, the monthly mean PPFD was listed in the decreasing order of mound top > mound face > pit bottom > intact forest floor, but in September, it changed in the order of mound top > mound face > intact forest floor > pit bottom > pit wall; from July to September, the monthly mean TS0 decreased in the order of mound top > mound face > intact forest floor > pit wall > pit bottom, but that of TS5 and TS10 were in the order of mound top > mound face > pit wall > intact forest floor> pit bottom, both the monthly mean RH and SWC was in the order of pit bottom > pit wall > intact forest floor > mound face > mound top; in July, the PPFD at mound top was the highest (736.1 μmol·m-2·s-1) and the lowest in intact forest floor (25.46 μmol·m-2·s-1), the TS at mound top was the highest (26.29 ℃) and the lowest in pit bottom (5.13℃); the SWC in shallow soil layer was larger than that in deep soil layer, the SWC was the highest in pit bottom (51.58%) on August. The correlation between PPFD in the same microsite and TS in shallow soil layer was larger than in deep soil layer. There was positive correlation between TS0 and PPFD, but negative correlation between TS0 and RH, respectively.