Abstract:
Objective To investigate the metabolic differences between wild Nitraria L. fruits of different colors and explore the differences in their main active components.
Methods Red and orange Nitraria L. fruits were separately collected from the same area at the same time, with 12 samples in each group. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS to identify metabolic differences between the two fruit colors.
Results A total of 162 significantly different metabolites were identified between red and orange Nitraria L. fruits. The contents of active components such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and amino acids in red fruits were significantly higher than those in orange fruits. Pathway enrichment analysis of the different metabolites revealed 19 metabolic pathways, among which fatty acid degradation, glutathione metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were identified as the key pathways.
Conclusion Red fruits contain richer nutritional and medicinal active components, suggesting a stronger potential for anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and blood sugar balancing effects. This indicates that red fruits may have the higher medicinal value and that their plants might producing red fruits may have stronger stress resistance. These findings provide a theoretical basis for selecting superior Nitraria L. cultivars, producing economically related products, and developing pharmaceutical applications of Nitraria L. fruits.
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